When Semantic Overlap Is Not Enough: Cross-Lingual Euphemism Transfer Between Turkish and English
arXiv:2602.16957v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Euphemisms substitute socially sensitive expressions, often softening or reframing meaning, and their reliance on cultural and pragmatic context complicates modeling across languages. In this study, we investigate how cross-lingual equivalence influences transfer in multilingual euphemism...
Eigenmood Space: Uncertainty-Aware Spectral Graph Analysis of Psychological Patterns in Classical Persian Poetry
arXiv:2602.16959v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Classical Persian poetry is a historically sustained archive in which affective life is expressed through metaphor, intertextual convention, and rhetorical indirection. These properties make close reading indispensable while limiting reproducible comparison at scale. We present...
Evaluating Cross-Lingual Classification Approaches Enabling Topic Discovery for Multilingual Social Media Data
arXiv:2602.17051v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Analysing multilingual social media discourse remains a major challenge in natural language processing, particularly when large-scale public debates span across diverse languages. This study investigates how different approaches for cross-lingual text classification can support reliable...
ALPS: A Diagnostic Challenge Set for Arabic Linguistic & Pragmatic Reasoning
arXiv:2602.17054v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While recent Arabic NLP benchmarks focus on scale, they often rely on synthetic or translated data which may benefit from deeper linguistic verification. We introduce ALPS (Arabic Linguistic & Pragmatic Suite), a native, expert-curated diagnostic...
BankMathBench: A Benchmark for Numerical Reasoning in Banking Scenarios
arXiv:2602.17072v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs)-based chatbots are increasingly being adopted in the financial domain, particularly in digital banking, to handle customer inquiries about products such as deposits, savings, and loans. However, these models still exhibit low...
Entropy-Based Data Selection for Language Models
arXiv:2602.17465v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Modern language models (LMs) increasingly require two critical resources: computational resources and data resources. Data selection techniques can effectively reduce the amount of training data required for fine-tuning LMs. However, their effectiveness is closely related...
PEACE 2.0: Grounded Explanations and Counter-Speech for Combating Hate Expressions
arXiv:2602.17467v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The increasing volume of hate speech on online platforms poses significant societal challenges. While the Natural Language Processing community has developed effective methods to automatically detect the presence of hate speech, responses to it, called...
Auditing Reciprocal Sentiment Alignment: Inversion Risk, Dialect Representation and Intent Misalignment in Transformers
arXiv:2602.17469v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The core theme of bidirectional alignment is ensuring that AI systems accurately understand human intent and that humans can trust AI behavior. However, this loop fractures significantly across language barriers. Our research addresses Cross-Lingual Sentiment...
Modeling Distinct Human Interaction in Web Agents
arXiv:2602.17588v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Despite rapid progress in autonomous web agents, human involvement remains essential for shaping preferences and correcting agent behavior as tasks unfold. However, current agentic systems lack a principled understanding of when and why humans intervene,...
Low-Dimensional and Transversely Curved Optimization Dynamics in Grokking
arXiv:2602.16746v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Grokking -- the delayed transition from memorization to generalization in small algorithmic tasks -- remains poorly understood. We present a geometric analysis of optimization dynamics in transformers trained on modular arithmetic. PCA of attention weight...
Efficient Tail-Aware Generative Optimization via Flow Model Fine-Tuning
arXiv:2602.16796v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Fine-tuning pre-trained diffusion and flow models to optimize downstream utilities is central to real-world deployment. Existing entropy-regularized methods primarily maximize expected reward, providing no mechanism to shape tail behavior. However, tail control is often essential:...
Formal Mechanistic Interpretability: Automated Circuit Discovery with Provable Guarantees
arXiv:2602.16823v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: *Automated circuit discovery* is a central tool in mechanistic interpretability for identifying the internal components of neural networks responsible for specific behaviors. While prior methods have made significant progress, they typically depend on heuristics or...
Position: Why a Dynamical Systems Perspective is Needed to Advance Time Series Modeling
arXiv:2602.16864v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Time series (TS) modeling has come a long way from early statistical, mainly linear, approaches to the current trend in TS foundation models. With a lot of hype and industrial demand in this field, it...
Beyond Message Passing: A Symbolic Alternative for Expressive and Interpretable Graph Learning
arXiv:2602.16947v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become essential in high-stakes domains such as drug discovery, yet their black-box nature remains a significant barrier to trustworthiness. While self-explainable GNNs attempt to bridge this gap, they often rely...
Malliavin Calculus as Stochastic Backpropogation
arXiv:2602.17013v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We establish a rigorous connection between pathwise (reparameterization) and score-function (Malliavin) gradient estimators by showing that both arise from the Malliavin integration-by-parts identity. Building on this equivalence, we introduce a unified and variance-aware hybrid estimator...
Forecasting Anomaly Precursors via Uncertainty-Aware Time-Series Ensembles
arXiv:2602.17028v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Detecting anomalies in time-series data is critical in domains such as industrial operations, finance, and cybersecurity, where early identification of abnormal patterns is essential for ensuring system reliability and enabling preventive maintenance. However, most existing...
AI-Driven Legal Automation to Enhance Legal Processes with Natural Language Processing
The legal sector often faces delays and inefficiencies due to the overwhelming volume of information, the labor-intensive nature of research, and high service costs. This paper introduces a novel framework for AI-driven legal automation, which employs Natural Language Processing (NLP)...
Input out, output in: towards positive-sum solutions to AI-copyright tensions
Abstract This article addresses the legal tensions between artificial intelligence (AI) development and copyright law, exploring policymaking on the use of copyrighted data for AI training at the input level and the generation of AI content at the output level....
Justices to consider constitutionality of tax foreclosure sales
The argument next week in Pung v Isabella County asks the court to consider the constitutionality of the longstanding practice of tax foreclosures sales. This is one of those cases […]The postJustices to consider constitutionality of tax foreclosure salesappeared first...
Understanding LLM Failures: A Multi-Tape Turing Machine Analysis of Systematic Errors in Language Model Reasoning
arXiv:2602.15868v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) exhibit failure modes on seemingly trivial tasks. We propose a formalisation of LLM interaction using a deterministic multi-tape Turing machine, where each tape represents a distinct component: input characters, tokens, vocabulary,...
P-RAG: Prompt-Enhanced Parametric RAG with LoRA and Selective CoT for Biomedical and Multi-Hop QA
arXiv:2602.15874v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities but remain limited by their reliance on static training data. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) addresses this constraint by retrieving external knowledge during inference, though it still depends heavily on...
DocSplit: A Comprehensive Benchmark Dataset and Evaluation Approach for Document Packet Recognition and Splitting
arXiv:2602.15958v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Document understanding in real-world applications often requires processing heterogeneous, multi-page document packets containing multiple documents stitched together. Despite recent advances in visual document understanding, the fundamental task of document packet splitting, which involves separating a...
Beyond Learning: A Training-Free Alternative to Model Adaptation
arXiv:2602.16189v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Despite the continuous research and evolution of language models, they sometimes underperform previous versions. Existing approaches to overcome these challenges are resource-intensive, highlighting the need for alternatives that enable immediate action. We assume that each...
The Validity of Coreference-based Evaluations of Natural Language Understanding
arXiv:2602.16200v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In this thesis, I refine our understanding as to what conclusions we can reach from coreference-based evaluations by expanding existing evaluation practices and considering the extent to which evaluation results are either converging or conflicting....
Long-Tail Knowledge in Large Language Models: Taxonomy, Mechanisms, Interventions and Implications
arXiv:2602.16201v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are trained on web-scale corpora that exhibit steep power-law distributions, in which the distribution of knowledge is highly long-tailed, with most appearing infrequently. While scaling has improved average-case performance, persistent failures...
Helpful to a Fault: Measuring Illicit Assistance in Multi-Turn, Multilingual LLM Agents
arXiv:2602.16346v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: LLM-based agents execute real-world workflows via tools and memory. These affordances enable ill-intended adversaries to also use these agents to carry out complex misuse scenarios. Existing agent misuse benchmarks largely test single-prompt instructions, leaving a...
Distributed physics-informed neural networks via domain decomposition for fast flow reconstruction
arXiv:2602.15883v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) offer a powerful paradigm for flow reconstruction, seamlessly integrating sparse velocity measurements with the governing Navier-Stokes equations to recover complete velocity and latent pressure fields. However, scaling such models to large...
Verifier-Constrained Flow Expansion for Discovery Beyond the Data
arXiv:2602.15984v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Flow and diffusion models are typically pre-trained on limited available data (e.g., molecular samples), covering only a fraction of the valid design space (e.g., the full molecular space). As a consequence, they tend to generate...
MolCrystalFlow: Molecular Crystal Structure Prediction via Flow Matching
arXiv:2602.16020v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Molecular crystal structure prediction represents a grand challenge in computational chemistry due to large sizes of constituent molecules and complex intra- and intermolecular interactions. While generative modeling has revolutionized structure discovery for molecules, inorganic solids,...
Extracting and Analyzing Rail Crossing Behavior Signatures from Videos using Tensor Methods
arXiv:2602.16057v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Railway crossings present complex safety challenges where driver behavior varies by location, time, and conditions. Traditional approaches analyze crossings individually, limiting the ability to identify shared behavioral patterns across locations. We propose a multi-view tensor...