Litigation

arXiv:2603.06424v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have recently reshaped Automated Essay Scoring (AES), yet prior studies typically examine individual techniques in isolation, limiting understanding of their relative merits for English as a Second Language (L2) writing. To...

arXiv:2603.06428v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Research in AI using Large-Language Models (LLMs) is rapidly evolving, and the comparison of their performance with human reasoning has become a key concern. Prior studies have indicated that LLMs and humans share similar biases,...

arXiv:2603.06503v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advances in multimodal Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enable Large Language Models (LLMs) to analyze enterprise spreadsheet workbooks containing millions of cells, cross-sheet dependencies, and embedded visual artifacts. However, state-of-the-art approaches exclude critical context through single-pass...

arXiv:2603.05556v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Integer sequences in the OEIS span values from single-digit constants to astronomical factorials and exponentials, making prediction challenging for standard tokenised models that cannot handle out-of-vocabulary values or exploit periodic arithmetic structure. We present IntSeqBERT,...

arXiv:2603.05806v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Mixture of Experts (MoE) models enable parameter-efficient scaling through sparse expert activations, yet optimizing their inference and memory costs remains challenging due to limited understanding of their specialization behavior. We present a systematic analysis of...

arXiv:2603.06248v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Understanding the intricate non-convex training dynamics of softmax-based models is crucial for explaining the empirical success of transformers. In this article, we analyze the gradient flow dynamics of the value-softmax model, defined as ${L}(\mathbf{V} \sigma(\mathbf{a}))$,...

Abstract Calls to hold artificial intelligence to account are intensifying. Activists and researchers alike warn of an “accountability gap” or even a “crisis of accountability” in AI. Meanwhile, several prominent scholars maintain that accountability holds the key to governing AI....

By Callan Showers, Volume 108 Staff Member On November 2, 2023, the Minnesota Supreme Court heard oral arguments on whether Donald Trump can lawfully appear on Minnesota’s ballots in the 2024 Presidential election due to his participation in efforts to...

Abstract The increasing use of artificial intelligence in video game development, particularly through advanced procedural content generation, challenges traditional copyright frameworks. While AI-generated content is now integral to enhancing efficiency and player experience, its copyright status remains disputed, especially regarding...

The study aaddressed the possibilities of using information technology and natural language in the study of legal norms. The study aimed to develop methods for using artificial intelligence and natural language processing to analyse jurisprudence. To achieve this goal, automatic...

The profession of law has changed along with many other industries due to the quick development of artificial intelligence (AI). However, in applications specialized to the legal domain, general-purpose AI models like ChatGPT, DeepSeek, and Gemini show limits. This evaluation...

Abstract How can tort law contribute to a better understanding of the risk-based approach in the European Union’s (EU) Artificial Intelligence Act proposal and evolving liability regime? In a new legal area of intense development, it is pivotal to make...

This study explores intelligent identification methods for undue influence and grossly unfair clauses from the cross-perspectives of artificial intelligence and comparative contract law, focusing on the integration of intelligent text analysis and legal knowledge graph technology. By constructing a dual...

The subject of the article is some judicial acts on cases concerning protection of private property issued in Russia in recent years in the context of changes in the procedural legislation and legislation on the judicial system. The purpose of...

This paper examines the evolution of legal personhood and explores whether historical precedents—from corporate personhood to environmental legal recognition—can inform frameworks for governing artificial intelligence (AI). By tracing the development of persona ficta in Roman law and subsequent expansions of...

Boundary-conforming coordinate transformations are used widely to map a flow region onto a computational space in which a finite-difference solution to the differential flow conservation laws is carried out. This method entails difficulties with maintenance of global conservation and with...

This viewpoint article first explores the ethical challenges associated with the future application of large language models (LLMs) in the context of medical education. These challenges include not only ethical concerns related to the development of LLMs, such as artificial...

Abstract This study investigates the extent to which the conclusion of a decision can be predicted from other parts of the decision from quasi-judicial institutions using machine learning. Predicting conclusions in quasi-judicial bodies poses unique challenges and opportunities because the...

By ANNEMARIE FOY. Full Text. Millions of people owe money to the government as a consequence of a criminal charge. But while some of that debt is tied to fines or restitution, much of it is levied as fees, or...

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Abstract Two critical policy questions will determine the impact of generative artificial intelligence (AI) on the knowledge economy and the creative sector. The first concerns how we think about the training of such models—in particular, whether the creators or owners...

2024–25 Environmental and Energy Regulation Reformation: Challenges and Solutions After West Virginia v. EPA, Sackett v. EPA, and Loper Bright Enterprises v. Raimondo 2023–24 Aiming for Answers: Balancing Rights, Safety, and Justice in a Post-Bruen America 2022–23 Leaving Langdell Behind:...

The so-called fourth industrial revolution and its economic and societal implications are no longer solely an academic concern, but a matter for political as well as public debate. Characterized as the convergence of robotics, AI, autonomous systems and information technology...

The description of a combination of technologies as ‘artificial intelligence’ (AI) is misleading. To ascribe intelligence to a statistical model without human attribution points towards an attempt at shifting legal, social, and ethical responsibilities to machines. This paper exposes the...

Courts agree that the federal government may not seize a person in the United States and immediately ship them off to a prison in another country without providing any opportunity for judicial review. But this basic constitutional rule has proven...

Abstract Music is a language that is spoken between the performer and the listener. Platforms like SUNO AI have enabled even non‐musicians to create music and don the hats of composers by giving few prompts without understanding the language in...

Articles, Essays, & Tributes Notes Headnotes Volume 110: Fall Issue Volume 108: Symposium Supplement De Novo Blog Tweets by MinnesotaLawRev barne102 - Minnesota Law Review

Introduction In the nondelegation doctrine’s “one good year,”[1] Justice Benjamin Cardozo famously denounced a portion of the National Industrial Recovery Act as “delegation running riot.”[2] Ninety years later during oral argument in Learning Resources, Inc. v. Trump[3]—the blockbuster case testing...

Introduction Since the nation’s founding, major political parties have clashed over the rules that govern our elections.[1] The intensity of these conflicts has fluctuated, with some periods marked by subdued disputes and others by fierce legislative battles and litigation. Over...