Asymptotic and Finite-Time Guarantees for Langevin-Based Temperature Annealing in InfoNCE
arXiv:2603.12552v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The InfoNCE loss in contrastive learning depends critically on a temperature parameter, yet its dynamics under fixed versus annealed schedules remain poorly understood. We provide a theoretical analysis by modeling embedding evolution under Langevin dynamics...
A Spectral Revisit of the Distributional Bellman Operator under the Cram\'er Metric
arXiv:2603.12576v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Distributional reinforcement learning (DRL) studies the evolution of full return distributions under Bellman updates rather than focusing on expected values. A classical result is that the distributional Bellman operator is contractive under the Cram\'er metric,...
CA-HFP: Curvature-Aware Heterogeneous Federated Pruning with Model Reconstruction
arXiv:2603.12591v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Federated learning on heterogeneous edge devices requires personalized compression while preserving aggregation compatibility and stable convergence. We present Curvature-Aware Heterogeneous Federated Pruning (CA-HFP), a practical framework that enables each client perform structured, device-specific pruning guided...
Maximizing Incremental Information Entropy for Contrastive Learning
arXiv:2603.12594v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Contrastive learning has achieved remarkable success in self-supervised representation learning, often guided by information-theoretic objectives such as mutual information maximization. Motivated by the limitations of static augmentations and rigid invariance constraints, we propose IE-CL (Incremental-Entropy...
Swap-guided Preference Learning for Personalized Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback
arXiv:2603.12595v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is a widely used approach to align large-scale AI systems with human values. However, RLHF typically assumes a single, universal reward, which overlooks diverse preferences and limits personalization. Variational...
FastDSAC: Unlocking the Potential of Maximum Entropy RL in High-Dimensional Humanoid Control
arXiv:2603.12612v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Scaling Maximum Entropy Reinforcement Learning (RL) to high-dimensional humanoid control remains a formidable challenge, as the ``curse of dimensionality'' induces severe exploration inefficiency and training instability in expansive action spaces. Consequently, recent high-throughput paradigms have...
Human-AI Collaborative Autonomous Experimentation With Proxy Modeling for Comparative Observation
arXiv:2603.12618v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Optimization for different tasks like material characterization, synthesis, and functional properties for desired applications over multi-dimensional control parameters need a rapid strategic search through active learning such as Bayesian optimization (BO). However, such high-dimensional experimental...
RetroReasoner: A Reasoning LLM for Strategic Retrosynthesis Prediction
arXiv:2603.12666v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Retrosynthesis prediction is a core task in organic synthesis that aims to predict reactants for a given product molecule. Traditionally, chemists select a plausible bond disconnection and derive corresponding reactants, which is time-consuming and requires...
Federated Hierarchical Clustering with Automatic Selection of Optimal Cluster Numbers
arXiv:2603.12684v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Federated Clustering (FC) is an emerging and promising solution in exploring data distribution patterns from distributed and privacy-protected data in an unsupervised manner. Existing FC methods implicitly rely on the assumption that clients are with...
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STAIRS-Former: Spatio-Temporal Attention with Interleaved Recursive Structure Transformer for Offline Multi-task Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
arXiv:2603.11691v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Offline multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) with multi-task datasets is challenging due to varying numbers of agents across tasks and the need to generalize to unseen scenarios. Prior works employ transformers with observation tokenization and hierarchical...
The Density of Cross-Persistence Diagrams and Its Applications
arXiv:2603.11623v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Topological Data Analysis (TDA) provides powerful tools to explore the shape and structure of data through topological features such as clusters, loops, and voids. Persistence diagrams are a cornerstone of TDA, capturing the evolution of...
Entropy Guided Diversification and Preference Elicitation in Agentic Recommendation Systems
arXiv:2603.11399v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Users on e-commerce platforms can be uncertain about their preferences early in their search. Queries to recommendation systems are frequently ambiguous, incomplete, or weakly specified. Agentic systems are expected to proactively reason, ask clarifying questions,...
Governing Evolving Memory in LLM Agents: Risks, Mechanisms, and the Stability and Safety Governed Memory (SSGM) Framework
arXiv:2603.11768v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Long-term memory has emerged as a foundational component of autonomous Large Language Model (LLM) agents, enabling continuous adaptation, lifelong multimodal learning, and sophisticated reasoning. However, as memory systems transition from static retrieval databases to dynamic,...
FinRule-Bench: A Benchmark for Joint Reasoning over Financial Tables and Principles
arXiv:2603.11339v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to financial analysis, yet their ability to audit structured financial statements under explicit accounting principles remains poorly explored. Existing benchmarks primarily evaluate question answering, numerical reasoning, or anomaly...
Leveraging Large Language Models and Survival Analysis for Early Prediction of Chemotherapy Outcomes
arXiv:2603.11594v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Chemotherapy for cancer treatment is costly and accompanied by severe side effects, highlighting the critical need for early prediction of treatment outcomes to improve patient management and informed decision-making. Predictive models for chemotherapy outcomes using...
DeReason: A Difficulty-Aware Curriculum Improves Decoupled SFT-then-RL Training for General Reasoning
arXiv:2603.11193v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for eliciting reasoning capabilities in large language models, particularly in mathematics and coding. While recent efforts have extended this paradigm to broader general...
ThReadMed-QA: A Multi-Turn Medical Dialogue Benchmark from Real Patient Questions
arXiv:2603.11281v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Medical question-answering benchmarks predominantly evaluate single-turn exchanges, failing to capture the iterative, clarification-seeking nature of real patient consultations. We introduce ThReadMed-QA, a benchmark of 2,437 fully-answered patient-physician conversation threads extracted from r/AskDocs, comprising 8,204 question-answer...
Social, Legal, Ethical, Empathetic and Cultural Norm Operationalisation for AI Agents
arXiv:2603.11864v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As AI agents are increasingly used in high-stakes domains like healthcare and law enforcement, aligning their behaviour with social, legal, ethical, empathetic, and cultural (SLEEC) norms has become a critical engineering challenge. While international frameworks...
LLMs can construct powerful representations and streamline sample-efficient supervised learning
arXiv:2603.11679v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As real-world datasets become increasingly complex and heterogeneous, supervised learning is often bottlenecked by input representation design. Modeling multimodal data for downstream tasks, such as time-series, free text, and structured records, often requires non-trivial domain-specific...
Gender Bias in Generative AI-assisted Recruitment Processes
arXiv:2603.11736v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In recent years, generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) systems have assumed increasingly crucial roles in selection processes, personnel recruitment and analysis of candidates' profiles. However, the employment of large language models (LLMs) risks reproducing, and in...
CreativeBench: Benchmarking and Enhancing Machine Creativity via Self-Evolving Challenges
arXiv:2603.11863v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The saturation of high-quality pre-training data has shifted research focus toward evolutionary systems capable of continuously generating novel artifacts, leading to the success of AlphaEvolve. However, the progress of such systems is hindered by the...
PACED: Distillation at the Frontier of Student Competence
arXiv:2603.11178v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Standard LLM distillation wastes compute on two fronts: problems the student has already mastered (near-zero gradients) and problems far beyond its reach (incoherent gradients that erode existing capabilities). We show that this waste is not...
The Unlearning Mirage: A Dynamic Framework for Evaluating LLM Unlearning
arXiv:2603.11266v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Unlearning in Large Language Models (LLMs) aims to enhance safety, mitigate biases, and comply with legal mandates, such as the right to be forgotten. However, existing unlearning methods are brittle: minor query modifications, such as...
Adversarial Reinforcement Learning for Detecting False Data Injection Attacks in Vehicular Routing
arXiv:2603.11433v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In modern transportation networks, adversaries can manipulate routing algorithms using false data injection attacks, such as simulating heavy traffic with multiple devices running crowdsourced navigation applications, to mislead vehicles toward suboptimal routes and increase congestion....
COMPASS: The explainable agentic framework for Sovereignty, Sustainability, Compliance, and Ethics
arXiv:2603.11277v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The rapid proliferation of large language model (LLM)-based agentic systems raises critical concerns regarding digital sovereignty, environmental sustainability, regulatory compliance, and ethical alignment. Whilst existing frameworks address individual dimensions in isolation, no unified architecture systematically...
Verified Multi-Agent Orchestration: A Plan-Execute-Verify-Replan Framework for Complex Query Resolution
arXiv:2603.11445v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present Verified Multi-Agent Orchestration (VMAO), a framework that coordinates specialized LLM-based agents through a verification-driven iterative loop. Given a complex query, our system decomposes it into a directed acyclic graph (DAG) of sub-questions, executes...