Online library learning in human visual puzzle solving
arXiv:2603.23244v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: When learning a novel complex task, people often form efficient reusable abstractions that simplify future work, despite uncertainty about the future. We study this process in a visual puzzle task where participants define and reuse...
Dynamical Systems Theory Behind a Hierarchical Reasoning Model
arXiv:2603.22871v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Current large language models (LLMs) primarily rely on linear sequence generation and massive parameter counts, yet they severely struggle with complex algorithmic reasoning. While recent reasoning architectures, such as the Hierarchical Reasoning Model (HRM) and...
Computational Arbitrage in AI Model Markets
arXiv:2603.22404v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Consider a market of competing model providers selling query access to models with varying costs and capabilities. Customers submit problem instances and are willing to pay up to a budget for a verifiable solution. An...
Whether, Not Which: Mechanistic Interpretability Reveals Dissociable Affect Reception and Emotion Categorization in LLMs
arXiv:2603.22295v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models appear to develop internal representations of emotion -- "emotion circuits," "emotion neurons," and structured emotional manifolds have been reported across multiple model families. But every study making these claims uses stimuli signalled...
Avoiding Over-smoothing in Social Media Rumor Detection with Pre-trained Propagation Tree Transformer
arXiv:2603.22854v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Deep learning techniques for rumor detection typically utilize Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to analyze post relations. These methods, however, falter due to over-smoothing issues when processing rumor propagation structures, leading to declining performance. Our investigation...
Decoding AI Authorship: Can LLMs Truly Mimic Human Style Across Literature and Politics?
arXiv:2603.23219v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Amidst the rising capabilities of generative AI to mimic specific human styles, this study investigates the ability of state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs), including GPT-4o, Gemini 1.5 Pro, and Claude Sonnet 3.5, to emulate the...
UniFluids: Unified Neural Operator Learning with Conditional Flow-matching
arXiv:2603.22309v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Partial differential equation (PDE) simulation holds extensive significance in scientific research. Currently, the integration of deep neural networks to learn solution operators of PDEs has introduced great potential. In this paper, we present UniFluids, a...
AEGIS: An Operational Infrastructure for Post-Market Governance of Adaptive Medical AI Under US and EU Regulations
arXiv:2603.22322v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Machine learning systems deployed in medical devices require governance frameworks that ensure safety while enabling continuous improvement. Regulatory bodies including the FDA and European Union have introduced mechanisms such as the Predetermined Change Control Plan...
Hybrid Associative Memories
arXiv:2603.22325v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and self-attention are both widely used sequence-mixing layers that maintain an internal memory. However, this memory is constructed using two orthogonal mechanisms: RNNs compress the entire past into a fixed-size state,...
Graph Signal Processing Meets Mamba2: Adaptive Filter Bank via Delta Modulation
arXiv:2603.22333v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: State-space models (SSMs) offer efficient alternatives to attention with linear-time recurrence. Mamba2, a recent SSM-based language model, uses selective input gating and a multi-head structure, enabling parallel computation and strong benchmark performance. However, its multi-head...
Problems with Chinchilla Approach 2: Systematic Biases in IsoFLOP Parabola Fits
arXiv:2603.22339v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Chinchilla Approach 2 is among the most widely used methods for fitting neural scaling laws. Its parabolic approximation introduces systematic biases in compute-optimal allocation estimates, even on noise-free synthetic data. Applied to published Llama 3...
COMPASS-Hedge: Learning Safely Without Knowing the World
arXiv:2603.22348v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Online learning algorithms often faces a fundamental trilemma: balancing regret guarantees between adversarial and stochastic settings and providing baseline safety against a fixed comparator. While existing methods excel in one or two of these regimes,...
Unveiling the Mechanism of Continuous Representation Full-Waveform Inversion: A Wave Based Neural Tangent Kernel Framework
arXiv:2603.22362v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Full-waveform inversion (FWI) estimates physical parameters in the wave equation from limited measurements and has been widely applied in geophysical exploration, medical imaging, and non-destructive testing. Conventional FWI methods are limited by their notorious sensitivity...
Rethinking Multimodal Fusion for Time Series: Auxiliary Modalities Need Constrained Fusion
arXiv:2603.22372v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advances in multimodal learning have motivated the integration of auxiliary modalities such as text or vision into time series (TS) forecasting. However, most existing methods provide limited gains, often improving performance only in specific...
Neural Structure Embedding for Symbolic Regression via Continuous Structure Search and Coefficient Optimization
arXiv:2603.22429v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Symbolic regression aims to discover human-interpretable equations that explain observational data. However, existing approaches rely heavily on discrete structure search (e.g., genetic programming), which often leads to high computational cost, unstable performance, and limited scalability...
Adversarial Vulnerabilities in Neural Operator Digital Twins: Gradient-Free Attacks on Nuclear Thermal-Hydraulic Surrogates
arXiv:2603.22525v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Operator learning models are rapidly emerging as the predictive core of digital twins for nuclear and energy systems, promising real-time field reconstruction from sparse sensor measurements. Yet their robustness to adversarial perturbations remains uncharacterized, a...
Graph of States: Solving Abductive Tasks with Large Language Models
arXiv:2603.21250v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Logical reasoning encompasses deduction, induction, and abduction. However, while Large Language Models (LLMs) have effectively mastered the former two, abductive reasoning remains significantly underexplored. Existing frameworks, predominantly designed for static deductive tasks, fail to generalize...
Improving Coherence and Persistence in Agentic AI for System Optimization
arXiv:2603.21321v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Designing high-performance system heuristics is a creative, iterative process requiring experts to form hypotheses and execute multi-step conceptual shifts. While Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise in automating this loop, they struggle with complex system...
Decoding the decoder: Contextual sequence-to-sequence modeling for intracortical speech decoding
arXiv:2603.20246v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Speech brain--computer interfaces require decoders that translate intracortical activity into linguistic output while remaining robust to limited data and day-to-day variability. While prior high-performing systems have largely relied on framewise phoneme decoding combined with downstream...
NeurIPS 2026 Call for Organizer Nominations
Refining the Review Cycle: NeurIPS 2026 Area Chair Pilot
NeurIPS 2026 Evaluations & Datasets Track Call for Papers
Grounded Chess Reasoning in Language Models via Master Distillation
arXiv:2603.20510v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Language models often lack grounded reasoning capabilities in specialized domains where training data is scarce but bespoke systems excel. We introduce a general framework for distilling expert system reasoning into natural language chain-of-thought explanations, enabling...
ConsRoute:Consistency-Aware Adaptive Query Routing for Cloud-Edge-Device Large Language Models
arXiv:2603.21237v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) deliver impressive capabilities but incur substantial inference latency and cost, which hinders their deployment in latency-sensitive and resource-constrained scenarios. Cloud-edge-device collaborative inference has emerged as a promising paradigm by dynamically routing...
Revisiting Tree Search for LLMs: Gumbel and Sequential Halving for Budget-Scalable Reasoning
arXiv:2603.21162v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Neural tree search is a powerful decision-making algorithm widely used in complex domains such as game playing and model-based reinforcement learning. Recent work has applied AlphaZero-style tree search to enhance the reasoning capabilities of Large...
AgenticGEO: A Self-Evolving Agentic System for Generative Engine Optimization
arXiv:2603.20213v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Generative search engines represent a transition from traditional ranking-based retrieval to Large Language Model (LLM)-based synthesis, transforming optimization goals from ranking prominence towards content inclusion. Generative Engine Optimization (GEO), specifically, aims to maximize visibility and...
Introducing the Evaluations & Datasets Track at NeurIPS 2026
Domain-Specialized Tree of Thought through Plug-and-Play Predictors
arXiv:2603.20267v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced complex reasoning, prominent methods like the Tree of Thoughts (ToT) framework face a critical trade-off between exploration depth and computational efficiency. Existing ToT implementations often rely on heavyweight...
LLM-Enhanced Energy Contrastive Learning for Out-of-Distribution Detection in Text-Attributed Graphs
arXiv:2603.20293v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Text-attributed graphs, where nodes are enriched with textual attributes, have become a powerful tool for modeling real-world networks such as citation, social, and transaction networks. However, existing methods for learning from these graphs often assume...