Overcoming Barriers to Cross-cultural Cooperation in AI Ethics and Governance
Abstract Achieving the global benefits of artificial intelligence (AI) will require international cooperation on many areas of governance and ethical standards, while allowing for diverse cultural perspectives and priorities. There are many barriers to achieving this at present, including mistrust...
Ethical governance is essential to building trust in robotics and artificial intelligence systems
This paper explores the question of ethical governance for robotics and artificial intelligence (AI) systems. We outline a roadmap—which links a number of elements, including ethics, standards, regulation, responsible research and innovation, and public engagement—as a framework to guide ethical...
The Concept of Accountability in AI Ethics and Governance
Abstract Calls to hold artificial intelligence to account are intensifying. Activists and researchers alike warn of an “accountability gap” or even a “crisis of accountability” in AI. Meanwhile, several prominent scholars maintain that accountability holds the key to governing AI....
Application of artificial intelligence in the judiciary and its applicability in North Macedonia
The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in various industries has spurred curiosity about its potential role in reshaping the judiciary. This scientific paper delves into the application of AI within the judicial system and examines its potential impact in North...
Predicting risk in criminal procedure: actuarial tools, algorithms, AI and judicial decision-making
Risk assessments are conducted at a number of decision points in criminal procedure including in bail, sentencing and parole as well as in determining extended supervision and continuing detention orders of high-risk offenders. Such risk assessments have traditionally been the...
Law as computation in the era of artificial legal intelligence: Speaking law to the power of statistics
The idea of artificial legal intelligence stems from a previous wave of artificial intelligence, then called jurimetrics. It was based on an algorithmic understanding of law, celebrating logic as the sole ingredient for proper legal argumentation. However, as Oliver Wendell...
Decisions, Decisions: Machine Learning as a Tool to Identify Alcohol-use Disorder Treatment Seekers
The Dilemma and Countermeasures of AI in Educational Application
This paper divides the application of AI in education into three categories, namely, students-oriented AI, teachers-oriented AI and school mangers -oriented AI, which focuses on the individualized self-adaptive learning of students, the assisted teaching of teachers and the service management...
Big Data�s Disparate Impact
Advocates of algorithmic techniques like data mining argue that these techniques eliminate human biases from the decision-making process. But an algorithm is only as good as the data it works with. Data is frequently imperfect in ways that allow these...
Mapping the Geometry of Law Using Natural Language Processing
Judicial documents and judgments are a rich source of information about legal cases, litigants, and judicial decision-makers. Natural language processing (NLP) based approaches have recently received much attention for their ability to decipher implicit information from text. NLP researchers have...
How Copyright Law Can Fix Artificial Intelligence's Implicit Bias Problem
As the use of artificial intelligence (AI) continues to spread, we have seen an increase in examples of AI systems reflecting or exacerbating societal bias, from racist facial recognition to sexist natural language processing. These biases threaten to overshadow AI’s...
Natural Language Processing for Legal Texts
Almost all law is expressed in natural language; therefore, natural language processing (NLP) is a key component of understanding and predicting law. Natural language processing converts unstructured text into a formal representation that computers can understand and analyze. This technology...
Ethical Considerations and Fundamental Principles of Large Language Models in Medical Education: Viewpoint
This viewpoint article first explores the ethical challenges associated with the future application of large language models (LLMs) in the context of medical education. These challenges include not only ethical concerns related to the development of LLMs, such as artificial...
Machine learning in medicine: should the pursuit of enhanced interpretability be abandoned?
We argue why interpretability should have primacy alongside empiricism for several reasons: first, if machine learning (ML) models are beginning to render some of the high-risk healthcare decisions instead of clinicians, these models pose a novel medicolegal and ethical frontier...
Proceedings of the Natural Legal Language Processing Workshop 2023
This talk situates the rising field of NLLP in the context of legal scholarship and practice.It will examine how the field relates to existing inquiries in computational law, AI and Law, and computational/empirical legal studies.Similarities, differences, and opportunities for cross-fertilization...
Constitutional democracy and technology in the age of artificial intelligence
Given the foreseeable pervasiveness of artificial intelligence (AI) in modern societies, it is legitimate and necessary to ask the question how this new technology must be shaped to support the maintenance and strengthening of constitutional democracy. This paper first describes...
Governance in Ethical, Trustworthy AI Systems: Extension of the ECCOLA Method for AI Ethics Governance Using GARP
Background: The continuous development of artificial intelligence (AI) and increasing rate of adoption by software startups calls for governance measures to be implemented at the design and development stages to help mitigate AI governance concerns. Most AI ethical design and...
Addressing Legal and Contractual Matters in Construction Using Natural Language Processing: A Critical Review
Claims, disputes, and litigations are major legal issues in construction projects, which often result in cost overruns, delays, and adverse working relationships among the contracting parties. Recent advances in natural language processing (NLP) techniques offer great potentials that can process...
Four Responsibility Gaps with Artificial Intelligence: Why they Matter and How to Address them
Abstract The notion of “responsibility gap” with artificial intelligence (AI) was originally introduced in the philosophical debate to indicate the concern that “learning automata” may make more difficult or impossible to attribute moral culpability to persons for untoward events. Building...
Artificial intelligence as a medical device in radiology: ethical and regulatory issues in Europe and the United States
AI and IP: Theory to Policy and Back Again – Policy and Research Recommendations at the Intersection of Artificial Intelligence and Intellectual Property
Abstract The interaction between artificial intelligence and intellectual property rights (IPRs) is one of the key areas of development in intellectual property law. After much, albeit selective, debate, it seems to be gaining increasing practical relevance through intense AI-related market...
Georgetown Law
Georgetown Law is one of the nation's top law schools. Located in the heart of downtown Washington, D.C., it is steps away from Capitol Hill and the United ...
A general approach for predicting the behavior of the Supreme Court of the United States
Building on developments in machine learning and prior work in the science of judicial prediction, we construct a model designed to predict the behavior of the Supreme Court of the United States in a generalized, out-of-sample context. To do so,...
DLJ & Duke Center for Firearms Law Present – Bruen: History, Ethics, and the Future of Second Amendment Jurisprudence
Call for Submissions for Student Online Essay Competition
DLJ is excited to announce its third online essay competition! The competition is open to all current Duke Law 2Ls who are not on an exclusive journal. Up to two winning submissions will be selected for publication in the DLJ...
Essential but Excluded: Vending in the Time of Corona
Immigrants, those with legal status and those without, individuals returning from incarceration, and individuals with time-consuming childcare and other family obligations often look to start microenterprises like street vending to provide for themselves and their families. However, many municipalities in...
Surveillance Intrusiveness in a Pandemic
Government surveillance capabilities have always been a matter of public concern, but the current pandemic makes the issue especially salient. We set out to discover what Americans think of government surveillance during this crisis. Americans have been inundated with media...
When code isn’t law: rethinking regulation for artificial intelligence
Abstract This article examines the challenges of regulating artificial intelligence (AI) systems and proposes an adapted model of regulation suitable for AI's novel features. Unlike past technologies, AI systems built using techniques like deep learning cannot be directly analyzed, specified,...
A Legal Stimulus
We need a legal stimulus. Not just a stimulus that is legal, but one that provides legal aid. That is why any further congressional stimulus should allocate additional funds specifically for legal services to individuals who, as a result of...