SCOTUStoday: Sotomayor criticizes Kavanaugh
Curious about how Supreme Court justices spend their spare time? Justice Sonia Sotomayor revealed on Tuesday that she likes reading … recent books from her colleagues. She “said she just […]The postSCOTUStoday: Sotomayor criticizes Kavanaughappeared first onSCOTUSblog.
PD-SOVNet: A Physics-Driven Second-Order Vibration Operator Network for Estimating Wheel Polygonal Roughness from Axle-Box Vibrations
arXiv:2604.06620v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Quantitative estimation of wheel polygonal roughness from axle-box vibration signals is a challenging yet practically relevant problem for rail-vehicle condition monitoring. Existing studies have largely focused on detection, identification, or severity classification, while continuous regression...
A Supreme Court status report
In early January, as the country eagerly awaited a tariffs ruling that – as it turned out – was still more than a month away, Supreme Court watchers raised concerns […]The postA Supreme Court status reportappeared first onSCOTUSblog.
Bi-Lipschitz Autoencoder With Injectivity Guarantee
arXiv:2604.06701v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Autoencoders are widely used for dimensionality reduction, based on the assumption that high-dimensional data lies on low-dimensional manifolds. Regularized autoencoders aim to preserve manifold geometry during dimensionality reduction, but existing approaches often suffer from non-injective...
Fine-tuning Whisper for Pashto ASR: strategies and scale
arXiv:2604.06507v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Pashto is absent from Whisper's pre-training corpus despite being one of CommonVoice's largest language collections, leaving off-the-shelf models unusable: all Whisper sizes output Arabic, Dari, or Urdu script on Pashto audio, achieving word error rates...
Bi-level Heterogeneous Learning for Time Series Foundation Models: A Federated Learning Approach
arXiv:2604.06727v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Heterogeneity in time series data is more pronounced than in vision or language, as temporal dynamics vary substantially across domains and tasks. Existing efforts on training time series foundation models (TSFMs) from scratch are often...
Supreme Court summarily closes the courthouse doors again
Civil Rights and Wrongs is a recurring series by Daniel Harawa covering criminal justice and civil rights cases before the court. I have written before about the Supreme Court’s troubling […]The postSupreme Court summarily closes the courthouse doors againappeared first...
When Does Context Help? A Systematic Study of Target-Conditional Molecular Property Prediction
arXiv:2604.06558v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present the first systematic study of when target context helps molecular property prediction, evaluating context conditioning across 10 diverse protein families, 4 fusion architectures, data regimes spanning 67-9,409 training compounds, and both temporal and...
VLMShield: Efficient and Robust Defense of Vision-Language Models against Malicious Prompts
arXiv:2604.06502v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-Language Models (VLMs) face significant safety vulnerabilities from malicious prompt attacks due to weakened alignment during visual integration. Existing defenses suffer from efficiency and robustness. To address these challenges, we first propose the Multimodal Aggregated...
Vehicle-as-Prompt: A Unified Deep Reinforcement Learning Framework for Heterogeneous Fleet Vehicle Routing Problem
arXiv:2604.05195v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Unlike traditional homogeneous routing problems, the Heterogeneous Fleet Vehicle Routing Problem (HFVRP) involves heterogeneous fixed costs, variable travel costs, and capacity constraints, rendering solution quality highly sensitive to vehicle selection. Furthermore, real-world logistics applications often...
Reason Analogically via Cross-domain Prior Knowledge: An Empirical Study of Cross-domain Knowledge Transfer for In-Context Learning
arXiv:2604.05396v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Despite its success, existing in-context learning (ICL) relies on in-domain expert demonstrations, limiting its applicability when expert annotations are scarce. We posit that different domains may share underlying reasoning structures, enabling source-domain demonstrations to improve...
The Many Ways of Constitutional Discourse
On January 31, 2026, in a stunning three-page order by Judge Fred Biery, the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas granted habeas relief to five-year-old Liam Conejo Ramos and his father Adrian Conejo Arias—who had been...
Just Pass Twice: Efficient Token Classification with LLMs for Zero-Shot NER
arXiv:2604.05158v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models encode extensive world knowledge valuable for zero-shot named entity recognition. However, their causal attention mechanism, where tokens attend only to preceding context, prevents effective token classification when disambiguation requires future context. Existing...
Operational Noncommutativity in Sequential Metacognitive Judgments
arXiv:2604.04938v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Metacognition, understood as the monitoring and regulation of one's own cognitive processes, is inherently sequential: an agent evaluates an internal state, updates it, and may then re-evaluate under modified criteria. Order effects in cognition are...
Graph Topology Information Enhanced Heterogeneous Graph Representation Learning
arXiv:2604.05732v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Real-world heterogeneous graphs are inherently noisy and usually not in the optimal graph structures for downstream tasks, which often adversely affects the performance of GRL models in downstream tasks. Although Graph Structure Learning (GSL) methods...
EvolveRouter: Co-Evolving Routing and Prompt for Multi-Agent Question Answering
arXiv:2604.05149v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model agents often exhibit complementary strengths, making routing a promising approach for multi-agent question answering. However, existing routing methods remain limited in two important ways: they typically optimize over a fixed pool of...
Exemplar Retrieval Without Overhypothesis Induction: Limits of Distributional Sequence Learning in Early Word Learning
arXiv:2604.05243v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Background: Children do not simply learn that balls are round and blocks are square. They learn that shape is the kind of feature that tends to define object categories -- a second-order generalisation known as...
The 14th Amendment’s citizenship clause is not trapped in amber: a reflection on oral argument
While I have written multiple posts for SCOTUSblog on birthright citizenship, a substantial part of my practice is litigating Second Amendment claims. In light of that experience, I was struck […]The postThe 14th Amendment’s citizenship clause is not trapped in...
SCOTUStoday for Tuesday, April 7
President Donald Trump is not done complaining about the Supreme Court’s tariffs ruling. Keep reading to learn more about his latest message for the justices.The postSCOTUStoday for Tuesday, April 7appeared first onSCOTUSblog.
SCOTUS overturns 5th Circuit ruling that told ISP to kick pirates off Internet
Supreme Court's precedent-setting Cox ruling helps Grande beat music piracy claims.
Intel signs on to Elon Musk’s Terafab chips project
Intel will join SpaceX and Tesla in an effort to build a new U.S. semiconductor factory in Texas, although the scope of its contributions are unclear.
Anthropic debuts preview of powerful new AI model Mythos in new cybersecurity initiative
The new model will be used by a small number of high-profile companies to engage in defensive cybersecurity work.
Rethinking the Key Role of Private Antitrust Enforcement
Earth Embeddings Reveal Diverse Urban Signals from Space
arXiv:2604.03456v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Conventional urban indicators derived from censuses, surveys, and administrative records are often costly, spatially inconsistent, and slow to update. Recent geospatial foundation models enable Earth embeddings, compact satellite image representations transferable across downstream tasks, but...
CountsDiff: A Diffusion Model on the Natural Numbers for Generation and Imputation of Count-Based Data
arXiv:2604.03779v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Diffusion models have excelled at generative tasks for both continuous and token-based domains, but their application to discrete ordinal data remains underdeveloped. We present CountsDiff, a diffusion framework designed to natively model distributions on the...
SKILLFOUNDRY: Building Self-Evolving Agent Skill Libraries from Heterogeneous Scientific Resources
arXiv:2604.03964v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Modern scientific ecosystems are rich in procedural knowledge across repositories, APIs, scripts, notebooks, documentation, databases, and papers, yet much of this knowledge remains fragmented across heterogeneous artifacts that agents cannot readily operationalize. This gap between...
Episode 42: Russia, Imperial Continuities and Histories of International Law - EJIL: The Podcast!
Solar-VLM: Multimodal Vision-Language Models for Augmented Solar Power Forecasting
arXiv:2604.04145v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Photovoltaic (PV) power forecasting plays a critical role in power system dispatch and market participation. Because PV generation is highly sensitive to weather conditions and cloud motion, accurate forecasting requires effective modeling of complex spatiotemporal...
GeoBrowse: A Geolocation Benchmark for Agentic Tool Use with Expert-Annotated Reasoning Traces
arXiv:2604.04017v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Deep research agents integrate fragmented evidence through multi-step tool use. BrowseComp offers a text-only testbed for such agents, but existing multimodal benchmarks rarely require both weak visual cues composition and BrowseComp-style multi-hop verification. Geolocation is...